It’s about data contexts. The Activated call on your ux:Class is looking for the callback up the tree, and can’t find it - all because it’s actually only available within the class. Check the following example for an explanation of how that works, and how you can work around it:
This allows you to put callbacks in the data context that you need them in - in your case, nesting Activated inside of the page allows you to access the child data context. As shown in my example, you can [optionally] trigger callbacks in both parent and child data contexts at the same time.
Actually, let me expand on that interpretation a little
<Page ux:Class="SomePage" /> is a template. As such, it does not really have a run-time data context at all. It is the point where you use it where it gets the data context:
<PageControl>
<SomePage />
</PageControl>
Now we have a SomePageinstance that was spawned from that template definition, and its data context is where that instance resides in the UX tree. So in this regard, these two are the same, and they require the someCallbackInParent callback to be available in the parent data context: